We have summarized some of the prominent architectural styles in Canada and noted the approximate times that they were popular. Look through the set of styles to get a general idea of how styles have evolved over time and use these examples to get a sense of what styles or particular elements of a style resonate with you or fit the style of your house.

Important Note:

These more academic references can help to identify architectural trends, however, outside of industrial centres and cities, vernacular style is prevalent; sometimes eclectic style combinations based on the builder’s interest, available materials and local craftspeople’s skill. Keep this in mind as you try to match your home to a particular style; it may not fit perfectly into any one particular style classification.  

  • -This guide provides a brief, highly graphical overview of Canada's architectural heritage, highlighting the defining characteristics of various building styles and types across different historical periods. We love older Parks Canada publications.

    Parks Canada. Buildings of Canada: A Guide to Styles and Types. 1980, https://www.historicplaces.ca/media/7173/buildingsofcanada.pdf.

    -This guide, commissioned by an East coast municipality, is quite comprehensive. It provides more detailed information on the architectural styles that are common in Canada. 

    Town of Sackville. Heritage Architecture Style Guide. 10 Mar. 2014, https://sackville.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/Heritage_Architecture_Style_Guide_Final_10March2014.pdf.

    -This book provides a comprehensive overview of major architectural styles and building terminology in Ontario from the late 18th century to relatively modern times.

    Blumenson, John J.-G. Ontario Architecture: A Guide to Styles and Building Terms, 1784 to the Present. Fitzhenry & Whiteside, 1990.

    -A concise introduction to considering the architectural character of your home is provided in the U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service Cultural Resources - Preservation Guides. The National Park Service preservation guides are a great resource in general and well worth exploring. 

    Preservation Brief 17: Architectural Character: Identifying the Visual Aspects of Historic Buildings as an Aid to Preserving Their Character

    -This book outlines what to look for, what to do and what not to do when working on important building details.

    Cusato, Marianne, and Ben Pentreath. Get Your House Right: Architectural Elements to Use & Avoid. Sterling, 2007.

    -This book provides an excellent detailed guide to American residential architecture (basically the same as Canadian architecture). 

    McAlester, Virginia Savage. A Field Guide to American Houses (Revised): The Definitive Guide to Identifying and Understanding America's Domestic Architecture. Knopf, 2015.

    -This book provides detailed information on building elements. 

    Benjamin, Asher. The American Builder's Companion. Illustrated ed., Feb. 26, 2009, Dover Publications.

    -This book provides detailed information on building elements indicating scale and proportion. 


    Radford, William A., Bernard L. Johnson, and Charles P. Rawson. Radford's Portfolio of Details of Building Construction: A Remarkable and Unique Collection of Full-Page Plates, Accurately Drawn and Reproduced to Exact Scale. Complete Details for Every Style of Interior Trim, Including Special Built-In Features. Illustrated ed., Dover Publications, Aug. 31, 2012.

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